Email this article Kemampuan Absorptif Sebagai Variabel Mediasi pada Pengaruh Orientasi Kewirausahaan Terhadap Keunggulan Kompetitif
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pengaruh antara orientasi kewirausahaan (EO), keunggulan kompetitif (CA) dan kemampuan absorptif (AC) pada UKM kerajinan kulit dan apakah kemampuan absorptif memediasi hubungan antara orientasi kewirausahaan dan keunggulan kompetitif. Paradigma keunggulan kompetitif terutama pada UKM seringkali masih berhadapan dengan rendahnya kemampuan mereka untuk mencapai keunggulan kompetitif. Sumber daya yang terbatas dan ketidakberanian mengambil risiko serta pengetahuan yang terbatas menjadi beberapa kendala yang dihadapi UKM. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis permasalahan tersebut dengan menguji orientasi kewirausahaan dan keunggulan kompetitif serta kemampuan absorptif. Penelitian korelasional ini mengumpulkan data menggunakan kuesioner. Jumlah responden sebanyak 120 UKM dari 4 kabupaten dan 1 kota di wilayah Provinsi Yogyakarta dengan tingkat respon 70%. Sampel dipilih menggunakan metode simple random sampling untuk menanggapi kuesioner yang diberikan. Pengukuran dan model struktural dinilai menggunakan analisis Hierarchical regression analysis. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan absorptif memediasi antara hubungan innovativeness, risk taking dan proactiveness terhadap keunggulan kompetitif. Pada jalur pengaruh antara innovativeness dan risk taking terhadap keunggulan kompetitif, kemampuan absorptif merupakan variabel mediasi sempurna, sementara pada proactiveness terhadap keunggulan kompetitif merupakan variabel mediasi parsial. Temuan ini mengkonfirmasi pandangan berbasis pengetahuan, yang menyatakan bahwa orientasi kewirausahaan dan kemampuan absorptif sebagai sumber daya tidak berwujud dapat menciptakan nilai dalam pengembangan produk dan hasil-hasilnya, Orientasi kewirausahaan dan kemampuan absorptif mampu membawa pelaku usaha kerajinan menciptakan keunggulan kompetitif. Keterbatasan penelitian ini adalah variabel kemampuan absorptif relatif jarang digunakan terutama untuk UKM sehingga persepsi subjektivitas responden masih sangat kuat.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31315/paradigma.v26i1.6610
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